随着梅花鹿养殖的科学化、集约化、规模化、机械化，人们要求饲喂给梅花鹿的日粮特别是精料，必须科学合理，营养完全，可充分满足梅花鹿生长、生产需要，提高经济效益，所以对饲料配合要求越来越严格，越来越精细。下面山东梅花鹿养殖基地小编为大家介绍：
With scientific deer farming, intensive, large-scale, mechanized, requires people to feed deer diets in particular concentrate must be scientific and rational, nutritionally complete, fully meet the growing deer, production needs, enhance economic efficiency, so feed with increasingly stringent requirements, more and more sophisticated. Deer breeding base in Shandong below Xiaobian to introduce:
一、饲料配合原则
First, with the principles of feed
饲料配合的基本原则是营养性、安全性和实用性。
The basic principle is feed with nutrition, safety and practicality.
(一)营养性
(A) nutrition
饲料配合的理论基础是动物营养学，饲养标准则概括了动物营养学的基本内容，它列出了正常条件下动物对各营养素的需要量，为制作配合饲料提供了科学依据，但长期以来，梅花鹿的饲养并无统一标准，本章所列标准是近20多年来，经科学实验及饲养实践所获得的一些数值，具有较强的实用性。动物营养需要是通过多种饲料合理搭配来满足的，所以饲料及其营养价值表同样是配合饲料不可缺少的依据。而不同土壤及气候环境生长的饲料，养分含量也有一定变化，特别是微量元素，最好选用饲料产地的饲料表或配料前实测。
Feed with the theoretical basis of animal nutrition, raising the standard summarizes the basic content of animal nutrition, which lists the requirements for the animals under normal conditions for each nutrient for the production of feed to provide a scientific basis, but for a long time, feeding deer is no uniform standard, the criteria set forth in this chapter in the last 20 years, some numerical experiments and scientific farming practices obtained, with a strong practical. Nutritional needs through a variety of animal feed is a reasonable match to meet, so the nutritional value of feed and feed table is also indispensable basis. The feed nutrient content in different soil and climatic conditions of growth also has some changes, especially trace elements, the best choice of the origin of feed or feed ingredients before the actual table.
饲料的营养性不仅表现在日粮单一营养素满足梅花鹿的营养需要，而且要通过平衡各营养素之间的比例，保证最终产品的营养全价性，这样才能充分发挥饲料养分的潜力，取得较好的饲养实效。
Feed nutritional single nutrient in the diet not only meet the nutritional needs of the deer, but also by the ratio of the balance between the various nutrients, to ensure that the final product nutrition full price, so as to realize the full potential of feed nutrients, to achieve better feeding effectiveness.
(二)安全性
(B) Security
制作饲料配方时选用原料，包括饲料添加剂在内必须安全在先，对饲料品质、等级必须经检验 ，对发霉 、腐败 、污染 、有毒原料不可使用，对某些含有害成分的原料如棉籽饼、菜籽饼等应脱毒处理或限量使用。
Selection of raw materials the production of feed formulation, including feed additives account must be safe earlier, feed quality, must be approved by rank test for mildew, corruption, pollution, toxic materials can not be used for some of the ingredients contain harmful ingredients such as cottonseed, rapeseed cake, etc. should be detoxification or limited use.
总之，制作的饲料必须保证饲喂安全可靠，没有安全性的前提，营养性则无从谈起。
In short, the production of feed must ensure safe and reliable feeding, not the premise of safety, nutrition is out of the question.
(三)实用性
(C) Applicability
制作饲料配方，要使饲料组成符合动物消化生理特点。由于梅花鹿是草食反刍动物，日粮中必须有一定的粗饲料，一则可降低成本，再者如果长期饲喂过多精料，反而易造成消化系统疾病。
Production of feed formulation, in line with the composition of animal feed to make the digestive physiological characteristics. Because deer are grazing ruminants, must have certain dietary roughage, a cost can be reduced. Furthermore if long-term feeding concentrate too much, but could easily lead to digestive diseases.
制作日粮时应考虑采食量，使日粮与采食量相符，既不能使动物吃不了，即吃饱后营养不足；又不可使动物吃不饱，即营养已满足时，由于饲料体积过小而未能产生饱感。梅花鹿的采食一般按每 100kg 体重喂料2.0～3.0kg/d。
Production of dietary intake should be considered, so that dietary intake is consistent with neither allow the animal to eat, eat after that is undernourished; animals can not have enough to eat, namely nutrition have been met, since the volume of feed too small and failed to produce satiety. Foraging deer feeder ships per 100kg body weight 2.0 ~ 3.0kg / d.
饲料适口性也很重要，对适口性差的饲料或仔梅花鹿开食料可加入香味剂以提高适口性，促进采食。此外，制作饲料还应保证高效益，所以应尽量选择营养价值高而价格低的饲料，特别是充分开发和利用本地资源，以降低配方饲料成本。
Palatability is also important to poor palatability of feed or young deer starter diet flavors may be added to improve palatability to promote feed. In addition, the production of feed should also guarantee high efficiency, we should try to choose a high nutritional value and low price of feed, particularly full development and utilization of local resources in order to reduce the cost of feed formula.
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