一、消毒不彻底
First, sterilization is not complete
一般情况下畜牧场的消毒方法有3种，即带畜(喷雾)消毒、饮水消毒和环境消毒。这3种消毒方法可分别切断不同病源的传播途径，相互不能代替。
Disinfection methods generally livestock farms there are three kinds, namely, with livestock (spray) disinfection, drinking water disinfection and environmental disinfection. These three disinfection methods respectively cut off the transmission of different pathogens, can not replace each other.
带畜消毒：可杀灭空气中、畜体表面、地面及屋顶墙壁等处的病原体，对预防呼吸道疾病及控制飞沫、气流传播疾病有重要意义，还具有降低舍内氨气浓度和防暑降温的作用；常见的误区是根据畜体或设备的表面是否可见消毒液判定消毒操作的成败，而不是根据雾滴在舍内的悬浮时间，所选择消毒药杀灭病毒、细菌的有效时间来判定。
Livestock disinfection with: air can kill, carcass surfaces, floors and roofs and walls, etc. pathogens, the prevention and control of respiratory droplets, air-borne diseases is important, but also has a reduced discounted ammonia concentration and sunstroke effects; common misunderstanding is based on whether the surface of the carcass or equipment visible disinfectant determines the success or failure of the sterilization operation, rather than droplets suspended in the discounted time, the selected disinfectant to kill viruses, bacteria to determine the effective time .
饮水消毒：可杀灭畜禽饮用水中的病原体并净化肠道，对预防消化道病有积极意义；常见误区是为了保证畜群没有腹泻，持续饮用消毒药，对消毒药饮水时的酸碱度很好的关注，以致于伤害到动物体内正常的微生物群。一般情况下，偏酸性环境对动物的生长发育及饲料的消化吸收有积极作用。
Disinfection of drinking water: drinking water can kill livestock and purify the intestinal pathogens, the prevention of gastrointestinal disease have a positive significance; common misunderstanding is to ensure that the herd no diarrhea, persistent drinking disinfectant, disinfectant for drinking water when pH is very good attention, so that the harm to animals normal microflora. In general, the acidic environment to digest animal growth and feed absorption has a positive effect.
环境消毒：包括对畜牧场地面、门口过道及运输车等的消毒；常见的误区是不能正确地更换消毒药，出现酸碱中和的问题；冬季时伺未能考虑环境温度对消毒药消毒效果的影响因素而随意更换消毒药。
Environmental disinfection: ground including livestock farms, doorways and hallways, vehicles and other disinfection; common misunderstanding is not correctly replace disinfectants, acid-base and the emergence of the issue; fails to consider the wait for winter when the ambient temperature disinfectants disinfection factors and easily replace the disinfectant.
二、消毒液选择不当
Second, the inappropriate choice of disinfectant
选择消毒药时不是针对畜牧场面临问题的目标病原，而是过多地考虑成本因素，选择一些炒作概念、同药异名、价格低廉的消毒药。
Not for the problems faced by livestock farms target pathogens, but too much to consider when choosing a disinfectant cost factors, select some concept of speculation, the same drug synonym, inexpensive disinfectant.
三、忽视了影响消毒的因素
Third, ignoring the factors that influence disinfection
选择消毒药时未考虑消毒药对环境温度、相对湿度、有机物污染程度的要求，在寒冷的冬季选择了低温下无或很低消毒作用的火碱，在干燥、低温条件下使用福尔马林熏蒸消毒等错误做法，不可能获得消毒效果的。
Not considered a disinfectant to the ambient temperature, relative humidity when selecting disinfectants, organic pollution degree requirements, the choice in the cold winter without cold or very low disinfection of caustic soda, formalin in dry, cold conditions fumigation and other wrongdoing, it is impossible to obtain the effect of disinfection.
温度：一般情况下，消毒液温度高，消毒效果可加大。实验证明，消毒液温度每提高10 ～12 摄氏度。杀菌效力增加1倍。另外，在熏蒸消毒时，需将舍温提高到20摄氏度以上，才有较好的效果， 否则效果不佳。
Temperature: Under normal circumstances, high temperature disinfectant, disinfectant effect can be increased. Experimental results show that the temperature of disinfectant every 10 to 12 degrees Celsius. Bactericidal effect doubled. In addition, when fumigation, Sherwin need to be increased to 20 degrees Celsius or more, and have good results, otherwise ineffective.
湿度：很多消毒措施(气体消毒)对湿度的要求较高，如熏蒸消毒时需将舍内湿度提高到60 %～70 %，才有效果；生石灰单独用于消毒是无效的，需洒上水或制成石灰乳等。
Humidity: Many disinfection measures (disinfection gas) require a higher humidity, such as when you need to fumigation discounted humidity increased to 60% to 70%, will be effective; lime used for disinfection alone is ineffective, to be sprinkled with water or made into milk of lime and the like.
污物或残料：灰尘、残料( 如蛋白质) 等都会影响消毒效果，尤其在进雏前消毒育雏用具时，一定要先清洗再消毒，不能清洗消毒一步完成，否则污物或残料会严重影响消毒效果，使消毒不彻底。
Dirt or residual material: dust, residual material (such as proteins) will affect the disinfection effect, especially when the child disinfected before entering the brood appliance, be sure to clean and then disinfected, cleaned and disinfected can not be done, otherwise the material will be dirt or residues seriously affect disinfection, sterilization is not complete so.
四、消毒液的浓度和剂量不准确
Fourth, the disinfectant concentration and dosage inaccuracies
消毒液浓度并不是越高越好。浓度过高一是浪费，二会腐蚀设备，三还可能对畜群造成危害。另外，有些消毒药浓度过高反而会使消毒效果下降。消毒液用量方面，在喷雾消毒时按每立方米空间30毫升为宜，太大会导致舍内过湿，用量小又达不到消毒效果。
Disinfectant concentration is not as high as possible. First, waste concentration is too high, the second will corrode equipment, three may also cause harm to the herd. In addition, some disinfectant concentration is too high but will make the disinfection effect is reduced. Terms of the amount of disinfectant, disinfectant spray at 30 milliliters per cubic meter of space is appropriate, too large lead to discounted too wet, small amount and reach disinfection.
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