一、选择良种鹿：我国驯养的鹿主要是梅花鹿、马鹿、白唇鹿、水鹿等。人工饲养最多的是梅花鹿，其次是马鹿。梅花鹿和马鹿的经济价值基本相同，在鹿茸质量上，马鹿次于梅花鹿。养鹿首先要选择良种鹿，因为高产鹿和低产鹿相比，不但鹿茸产量差别较大，而且茸的质量和价格也有较大差异，二者的经济效益悬殊。
First, choose varieties of deer: My main domesticated deer are deer, red deer, white-lipped deer, deer and so on. Captive deer is the most, followed by red deer. The economic value of deer and red deer are basically the same, the quality velvet, wapiti deer inferior. Deer must first choose a thoroughbred deer, because high-yield and low-yield deer deer, compared not only antler production vary greatly, and Velvet quality and price is also quite different, both economic disparity.
二、科学饲养：鹿可利用的饲料有青绿多汁饲料、干粗饲料和精饲料、矿物质饲料。青、粗饲料主要有作物秸秆、秧蔓、树叶、青干草、根茎饲料及青贮料等，对青粗饲料采取自由采食的饲喂方式。除喂粗饲料外，每天还要补充1.0-1.5千克的精饲料。精饲料主要由能量饲料如玉米、小麦、高粱等谷物，蛋白质饲料如动物性蛋白质和各种饼类，以及糠麸类饲料混合而成。一般能量饲料占50-60％，蛋白质饲料占15-20％，糠麸类饲料占15-25％。骨粉和食盐每天补饲量以每百千克体重计，骨粉为15-20克，食盐为20克。要采取先粗后精的喂料原则。在冬季和早春缺青季节，要补喂胡萝卜、青贮料、菜叶等多汁饲料1.0-1.5千克。公鹿在配种期和长茸期、母鹿在妊娠期和哺乳期，精料、矿物质和多汁饲料的喂量要适当增加。母鹿在妊娠前、中期要多喂青粗料，后期多喂体积小、质量优的精料。饲喂次数一般每日3次，必要时夜间补喂1次。据资料介绍，在公鹿长茸期间，饲料中交替添加钴胺素和畜用生长素，可提高鹿茸产量。
Second, scientific farming: deer feed available There are green succulent forage, dry roughage and concentrated feed, mineral feed. Green, the main forage crop straw, vine seedlings, leaves, hay, roots and other forage and silage, green fodder to take ad libitum feeding mode. In addition to feeding roughage, the daily also add 1.0-1.5 kg concentrated feed. Concentrated feed mainly by the energy feed corn, wheat, sorghum and other grains, such as animal protein feed protein and a variety of cake, as well as bran feed mixing together. Usually energy feed accounts for 50-60%, 15-20% protein feed, bran feed accounts for 15-25%. Bone meal and salt daily feeding amount per one hundred kg body weight, bone meal to 15-20 grams, 20 grams of salt. To take the first coarse and fine feeding principle. Lack of green in the winter and early spring season, to Buwei carrot, silage, leaves and other succulent feed 1.0-1.5 kg. Stag antler breeding period and long term, doe during pregnancy and lactation, concentrate, minerals and succulent feed Feeding Amount to be increased. Doe before pregnancy, medium to coarse material to feed green late to feed small size, superior quality concentrate. Feeding times are generally 3 times a day, if necessary, at night Buwei 1 times. According to information, during the Velvet Bucks long, alternately add the feed and veterinary cobalamin growth hormone can increase antler production.
三、适时配种：一般到1.5岁时，鹿就已性成熟，但此时身体尚未成熟，适宜的配种年龄应在2.5岁。鹿的繁殖期是8月下旬至11月。母鹿每隔18-24天发情1次，每次持续2-4天。种公鹿应选择生长快、产茸多、抗病力强、遗传性稳定的健壮公鹿，一般每15-20只母鹿放1只种公鹿。母鹿发情后，应适时放对配种，一般交配2-3次。鹿的妊娠期，梅花鹿为231-236天，马鹿为240-250天。每胎产仔1-2只。
Third, timely breeding: Usually to 1.5 years of age, had been sexually mature deer, but when the body is not yet mature, the appropriate breeding age should be 2.5 years. Deer breeding season is late August to November. Doe in heat every 18-24 days 1 times, each lasting 2-4 days. Bucks Species should be selected fast-growing, multi Velvet, disease resistance, genetic stability of robust stag, doe generally every 15-20 only put one kind of stag. After doe estrus, should be timely release of breeding, mating generally 2-3 times. Pregnancy deer, sika deer is 231-236 days, 240-250 days for the red deer. Only 1-2 per litter.
四、科学切茸与采茸。初切角茸并长到3厘米时，从顶端纵向用刀切开1.6-1.9厘米，可大幅度提高鹿茸的产量。
Fourth, scientific and Postharvest Cut Velvet Velvet. First chamfer Velvet and grow to 3 cm from the tip longitudinal knife cut 1.6-1.9 cm, can greatly improve the production of velvet.
采茸时间要适当，早采或晚采均影响茸的产量。三叉茸在65-70天、四叉茸在75-80天采收为宜。锯茸有吊圈法和麻醉法两种，常用可可林和静松灵肌肉注射，注射后15-20分钟鹿即被麻醉倒地。锯茸时下锯要轻、快、平，锯后上药要均匀，放鹿要快。除以上4个要点外，还要精心管理。
Velvet time taken should be appropriate, adopt early or late harvest are affecting velvet production. Trigeminal Velvet in 65-70 days, 75-80 days in quad Velvet harvesting is appropriate. Velvet saw there hanging ring method and anesthesia are two types of commonly used cocoa groves and jingsongling intramuscular injection 15-20 minutes after anesthesia namely deer fell to the ground. Nowadays saw Velvet saw should be light, fast, flat, even after the drug to the saw, put the deer to be fast. In addition to the above four points, but also carefully managed.
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