梅花鹿分布在东北、华北、华南等地区。野生梅花鹿已经很少见。现在各地驯养的梅花鹿多是东北梅花鹿和人工选育培养的双阳梅花鹿、西丰梅花鹿、长白山梅花鹿。
Deer in the northeast, north, south and other regions. Wild deer have been rare. Now the country is more domesticated deer and sika deer Shuangyang artificial breeding culture, Sika, Changbai Mountain deer.
梅花鹿是一种中型鹿，体形较大，成熟公鹿肩高90—105厘米，体长约100厘米，体重约120—135公斤。母鹿体形比公鹿小，肩高80—95厘米，体长75—90厘米，体重约70—80公斤。公鹿有角，母鹿无角，公鹿生后第二年长出椎形角，第三年长分枝角，角上的分枝随着年龄增加，发育完全时有4杈，最多5杈。
Sika deer is a medium-sized, larger body, mature male deer shoulder 90-105 cm high, 100 cm in length and weighing about 120-135 kg. Bucks doe shape than small, shoulder height of 80-95 cm, 75-90 cm long and weighs about 70-80 kg. Horned stag, doe no angle, cone-shaped angle grow Bucks second year after birth, the third angle older branches, the branch angle increases with age, when fully developed, there are four branches of a tree, up to 5 branches of a tree.
每年4月份开始脱角盘，6月份新角长出2—3个杈，约在7月份开始骨化。一般2—4岁的仔公鹿都可以生产二杠锯茸，4岁以上能生产出理想的三杈茸。一般4岁以上的公鹿，4月份开始脱角，生茸，生茸后56—58天收茸，提前或延期收茸的等级质量都不理想，梅花鹿茸的品质优于其它鹿茸。
Each year beginning in April off the square tray, 2-3 branches of a tree to grow new angle in June, about the beginning of July ossification. 2-4-year-old Aberdeen Bucks general can produce two bars saw Velvet, 4 years old can produce the desired three - branched velvet. Bucks general over 4 years old, in April started off angle, antler, 56-58 days after closing Velvet antler, grade quality advance or postpone the closing Velvet is not ideal, the quality is better than other plum velvet antler.
2001年，鹿茸每公斤售价1600元左右。梅花鹿一般1.5—2.5岁性成熟，适配年龄为2—3岁，每年秋季9至10月发情，10月为发情旺期，母鹿发情周期平均为12天，持续12—36个小时，妊娠期230—250天，翌年5—6月份分娩，每胎产1仔，偶有2仔。幼鹿生后第一天多躺卧，此后可随母鹿活动，哺乳期为4个月。幼鹿和母鹿一起生活约2年，梅花鹿的寿命约为20年。
In 2001, the price per kilogram of velvet around 1,600 yuan. Deer generally 1.5-2.5 years of maturity, adaptation age of 2-3 years, every autumn from September to October estrus, estrus October wang, doe estrous cycle averages 12 days, 12-36 hours duration, pregnancy of 230-250 days, and the following year - in June deliveries, births per 1 Aberdeen, Aberdeen 2 occasionally. The first days after birth more fawn lying thereafter movable with doe lactation period of 4 months. Fawn and doe living together for about two years, the deer's life is about 20 years.
梅花鹿是草食性动物，食性广，采食各种植物和乔灌木的嫩枝叶，梅花鹿行动敏捷，善跑跳，性喜群居。听觉、视觉和嗅觉十分灵敏。怕热耐寒，怕大风，而不怕小雨，易爱外界刺激而兴奋，胆小。
Sika deer are herbivores, broad diet, feeding plants and tender leaves of trees and shrubs, deer agile, good running and jumping, likes gregarious. Hearing, sight and smell is very sensitive. Cold heat intolerance, fear of the wind, without fear of rain, easy to love outside stimuli excited, timid.
东北梅花鹿耐粗饲，适应性、生活力、抗病力均强，茸高产质优，繁殖力高。1986年我国培育的双阳梅花鹿产茸最佳年龄4—6岁，2—9岁公鹿鲜茸年平均单产为2.9公斤。1995年选育的西丰梅花鹿产茸最佳年龄为6—7岁，2—9岁公鹿鲜茸平均单产3.06公斤。1993年选育的长白山梅花鹿产茸最佳年龄6—7岁，2—14岁公鹿头茬鲜茸单产为3.16公斤。另外，东北梅花鹿的东丰型梅花鹿的茸质优，茸型为典型的三圆：即主干圆、虎口圆、嘴头圆，这种鹿茸被誉为“马记鹿茸”，闻名于海内外。
Northeast deer resistance to crude feed, adaptability, vitality, disease resistance are strong, Velvet yielding high quality, high fecundity. 1986 Shuangyang Sika Deer Velvet cultivate our best age 4-6 years old, 2-9 years old Bucks annual average yield of fresh and dried 2.9 kg. Sika Deer Velvet Breeding best age in 1995 was 6-7 years old, 2-9 years old Bucks average yield of 3.06 kg of fresh and dried. 1993 breeding antler production in Changbai best age 6-7 years old, 2-14 years old Bucks first crop of fresh and dried yield was 3.16 kg. In addition, the Dong Feng sika deer's antler quality, Velvet type is a typical three-round: the main round, round tiger's mouth, mouth round head, this velvet known as "Ma Kee velvet", famous at home and abroad.
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