母鹿产仔期即将来临，及时地正确地对难产母鹿进行助产，是提高仔鹿成活率，增加经济效益的重要措施，现将鹿难产助产技术要点介绍给朋友们。
Doe calving period approaching, timely and correctly to be doe giving birth midwifery is to improve the survival rate of young deer, an important measure to increase economic efficiency, deer dystocia midwifery techniques will now be introduced to the friends.
(一)正确诊断难产要。鹿与马、牛、羊不同的是，鹿不让人接近，给难产诊断带来困难。只能认真观察、凭经验作出诊断。鹿正常分娩情况是：先在外阴部露出胎衣，然后胎衣破裂，即所谓破水。破水之后在外阴部先露出胎儿两只前蹄，与此同时或稍后露出胎儿嘴巴，随着母鹿用力，胎儿很快娩出。除此之外的情况：如只见两只前蹄不见胎儿嘴巴、只见胎儿嘴巴不见两只前蹄或两个前肢一长一短相差很大(一个腕关节已娩到阴门外，另个才见蹄部)这都是难产，应立即组织助产。此外虽然破水，母鹿不断用力，但不见胎儿部分，这是因为胎头、肢不能顺利进入产道造成的。一般应在破水后3--4小时内组织助产，时间过长容易引起胎儿死亡。还有一种情况见外阴部流出污秽物，说明胎儿死亡或腐烂，应立即助产，并用消毒液冲洗子宫和注射抗菌药物。尾位，即倒产，属正常分娩。如果飞关节已娩出外阴，胎儿仍不能产出，也应组织助产。当然两后肢一长一短也属难产。
(A) giving birth to a correct diagnosis. Deer and horses, cattle, sheep is different is that deer do not make people close to dystocia diagnosis difficult. Only careful observation, empirically diagnosis. Deer normal delivery is: first the outer genitals exposed afterbirth, then afterbirth rupture, so-called water break. After breaking out of water genitals exposed fetus first two front feet, at the same time or later exposed fetal mouth, with doe force, the fetus is delivered quickly. In addition to the case: two front feet as I saw the mouth but not the fetus, the fetus saw the mouth but not two front feet or two long, one short forelimbs a big difference (wrist has a delivery to overcast outside, and the other one only see the hoof) this is dystocia, should immediately organize midwifery. Also, while the broken water, doe constantly force, but not see the fetal part, this is because the fetal head, limbs can not successfully enter the birth canal caused. Midwifery general should be organized within 3--4 hours after water break, long time easily lead to fetal death. In another case, see the genitals effluent waste, indicating that fetal death or decay, should immediately midwifery, and flush the uterus and injection of antibiotics with disinfectant. Tail bits, down production, normal childbirth. If the joint is delivered fly vulva, the fetus can not output, it should be organized midwifery. Of course, a long, one short two hind legs also is dystocia.
(二)及早助产。助产如救火，不能等。及早助产的好处是：胎儿是活的，这是我们所需要的；母鹿不疲劳、不中毒，娩力强；胎液不流失，产道滑润，有利助产。但由于难产难于诊断，人们存在侥幸心理，总想等等看，结果延误时机，使助产失败。所以一旦确诊难产，应立即组织助产，不能犹豫。
(Ii) early midwifery. Midwifery such as fire fighting, can not wait. Early midwifery benefits are: the fetus is alive, which is what we need; doe not fatigue, not poisoning, delivery and strong; fetal fluid does not drain, the birth canal smooth, favorable midwifery. However, due to dystocia difficult to diagnose, it is luck, always wanted to wait and see the results of delay time to make midwifery fail. Therefore, once the diagnosis of dystocia, should immediately organize Midwifery, can not hesitate.
(三)迅速拉出胎头。在鹿的难产种类中，胎头变位性难产大约在50%以上。有90%以上的难产需拉出胎头才能助产成功。因为母鹿骨盆口大小只能容纳胎头和两前肢，拉出胎头时必须将两前肢绑上助产绳退回子宫，然后再拉胎头。除非在母鹿骨盆入口很大、胎儿很小、助产者的手也小的情况下，不将两前肢退回子宫助产也能成功，不过这种情况很少见。拉出胎头又有90%以上的需借助助产绳(带)。戴助产绳需有熟练的技术，因助产者的手伸到母鹿子宫后有“热古嘟、紧巴箍、滑叽溜、粘糊了”的感觉，戴助产绳需用手指勾起胎儿耳朵，将助产绳压在耳后。在胎儿与子宫贴的很紧、感觉又粘又滑的情况下，戴上助产绳很不容易的，技术熟练者也得一分钟左右，不熟练者根本带不上，由此造成仔鹿死亡或母子双亡是屡见不鲜的。最近笔者研制了“鹿助产戴套手”，戴产科绳在几秒钟内就可完成。然后拉助产绳将胎头拉至骨盆腔，再分别拉出前肢、拉出胎体，助产成功。
(C) rapidly pull the fetal head. Deer species in dystocia, fetal dystocia about the displacement of more than 50%. More than 90% of fetal dystocia need to pull midwifery success. Because doe to pelvic size can accommodate the fetal head and two front legs, two forelegs must be returned rope tied midwifery fetal head is pulled out of the uterus, and then pull the fetal head. Unless large doe pelvic inlet, under the fetus is very small, midwife's hand is small, does not return the two front legs midwifery uterus can be successful, but this is rare. Pull out the fetal head have more than 90% of resorting midwifery rope (belt). Wearing rope midwifery need for skilled, due to the doe midwifery hands in the uterus after the "beep ancient hot, tight bar hoop, slippery slide grumble, slimy" feeling, wearing rope required midwifery finger evoked fetal ears, the midwifery rope pressure in the ear. In the fetus and uterus stick very tight, feeling sticky and slippery conditions, not easy to wear midwifery rope, skilled in the art also have a minute or so, with unskilled simply not on, thereby causing the death of Zilu mother died or is not uncommon. I recently developed a "deer midwifery Daitao hand", wearing yield tether can be completed within a few seconds. Midwifery fetal head and then pull the rope to pull the pelvis, forelimbs and then were pulled, pulled out of the carcass, midwifery success.
胎儿产出后要迅速擦去其口、鼻的粘液。如遇假死情况，需提起胎儿两后肢，使其倒控，拍打胸部或甩动头部，使呼吸道粘液流出。现在实行麻醉保定助产，需给初生胎鹿肌肉注射0.1毫升苏醒灵，不可多注、快注。
Fetal output to quickly wipe its mouth, nasal mucus. In case of suspended animation, the fetus to be lifted two hind legs to make it down control, tapping the chest or head swinging, so that the airway mucus flow. Now Baoding midwifery practice anesthesia, you need to newborn deer intramuscular injection of 0.1 ml fetal awakening spirit, not more note, the fast fill.
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