养鹿场在每年的生产季节里，经常遇到个别(2％～3％)母鹿扒仔、咬仔、弃仔或无乳以及仔鹿弱生不能站立吃奶的情况。这些不能吃到母奶的仔鹿，需要找别的母鹿代养或进行人工哺乳。但是在鹿产仔季节的初期和末期，因产仔母鹿较少，在找不到代养母鹿的情况下，人工哺乳则十分重要，而且人工的仔鹿必须喂给初乳。因为初乳(产后1～3天的乳)含有丰富的球蛋白、清蛋白、白细胞、母源抗体、酶、维生索和溶菌素等、新生仔鹿主要依靠初乳中的抗体和免疫球蛋白形成被动免疫，以增加其抗病能力。初乳中还含有大量的维生素a、维生素c、维生素d和无机盐，特别是镁盐有促进胎便排出的作用。人工哺乳的仔鹿若不初韧乳，成活率达不到10％；喂给初乳的仔鹿成活率可达97％。虽然利用牛、马、羊的初乳也可以，但往往受到时间、运输、保存等条件限制，不易获得满意的效果，因此研究简便易行的获取鹿初乳的方法就显得十分必要。
Deer farm in the annual production of the season, often encountered individual (2% to 3%) doe Grilled Aberdeen, biting Aberdeen, Aberdeen abandoned or no milk and Fawn weak students could not stand the situation sucking. These young deer can not eat breast milk, you need to find another doe raised on behalf of or for artificial feeding. But deer calving season early and late, due to the doe litter less, in the case could not find support on behalf of the doe, artificial feeding is very important and must be fed Zilu artificial colostrum. Because colostrum (postnatal 1-3 days of milk) rich in globulin, albumin, white blood cells, maternal antibodies, enzymes, Vit and factors such as lysozyme, newborn Fawn mainly rely on colostrum antibodies and immunoglobulins the formation of passive immunization, in order to increase their resistance to disease. Colostrum also contains a lot of vitamin a, vitamin c, vitamin d and inorganic salts, particularly magnesium salts promote the role of meconium. If the beginning of artificial feeding of young deer tough milk, the survival rate of less than 10%; the survival rate of young deer feeding colostrum up to 97%. Although the use of cows, horses, sheep colostrum can, but often by the time of transport, storage and other conditions, is not easy to obtain satisfactory results, so get deer colostrum simple method of research is very necessary.
多年来，笔者曾先后对80只母鹿取初乳，均获得成功，共获得初乳9000毫升。平均每只114毫升，其中最高的为480毫升。母鹿的初乳为黄色、淡黄色或黄白色，异常浓稠，粘性大，稍有咸味和微臭味。哺喂时最好是新鲜初乳，如果是凉乳或冻乳，饲喂时需加温到37～38℃，高温则凝固。每日哺喂4～6次，每次30～50毫升，连续哺喂2～3日。若初乳量不足，哺喂3～4次初乳，再喂常乳亦可。
Over the years, the author has worked for 80 doe take colostrum, were successfully won colostrum 9000 ml. Average per 114 ml, the highest of which is 480 milliliters. Doe colostrum is yellow, yellow or yellow-white, abnormal thick, viscous, slightly salty and slightly smell. When fresh colostrum feeding is best, if it is cold milk or cold milk, warmed to need when fed 37 ~ 38 ℃, the high temperature solidification. Feeding 4 to 6 times a day, every 30 to 50 ml, continuous feeding 2 to 3 days. If the amount is less than colostrum, colostrum feeding 3 to 4 times, and then fed regular milk can.
(一)母鹿初乳的抽取方法
(A) extraction method doe colostrum
用兽用金属注射器的玻璃管，由一端纳入活塞，扭动活塞柄，调节松紧适度，然后将另一端罩乳头上，抽动活塞，乳汁被抽出来。之后把活塞回送3～5厘米。乳房压力减轻时取下玻璃管，将乳汁倾入干净瓶中待用。因金属注射器玻璃管断端不那么光滑，为使母鹿乳房不受损伤，可在玻璃管的一端套上指套或避孕套加以保护。也可以用100毫升或50毫升玻璃注射器，打掉安针头的前端，磨平，如此端插入活塞，另端(后端)罩在乳头上，抽动活塞，乳汁便被抽出来。
Veterinary metal syringe with a glass tube, one end integrated into the piston, the piston twist handle, adjustable elastic moderate, and the other end cap on the nipple, the piston tic, the milk is taken out. After sending back the piston 3 to 5 cm. When the breast is removed to reduce the pressure of the glass tube, the milk is poured into a clean bottle and set aside. Because of the metal syringe glass stump is not so smooth, for the doe breasts from damage, can put the finger at one end of the glass tube or a condom to protect them. You can also use 100 ml or 50 ml glass syringe, destroyed the front end of the safety needle, polished, and so end into the piston, and the other end (rear end) cap on the nipple, the piston tic, the milk will be taken out.
(二)注意事项
(B) Notes
(1)抽取母鹿初乳时应在分娩后l～5小时进行，抽出之后即可哺喂仔鹿。
(1) extraction doe colostrum should be at l ~ 5 hours after birth were, to feeding Fawn after extraction.
(2)在抽取初乳前，应用温湿毛巾擦拭、按摩母鹿乳房，四个乳头要轮换抽取，操作应缓慢进行。经过观察认为，抽取初乳对母鹿无不良影响。
(2) prior to extracting colostrum, application temperature and humidity towel, massage doe breast, nipple to be rotated four extraction, the operation should be carried out slowly. Through observation that the extracts colostrum no adverse effects on the doe.
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