尿素是农业上广泛使用的化肥，是一种非蛋白质含氮物。利用尿素或铵盐加入日粮以替代蛋白质来喂梅花鹿已被广泛采用。但在日粮中尿素配制过多或搅拌不均匀，或在尿素施肥的地区放牧误食，均可造成中毒。
Urea is a fertilizer widely used in agriculture, is a non-protein nitrogen-containing substance. The use of urea or ammonium salt is added to replace dietary protein to feed the deer has been widely adopted. But in the diet formulated urea excessive or uneven mixing, grazing or eating in urea fertilizer, can cause poisoning.
病因：尿素和许多非蛋白氮化合物是较好的蛋白质替代品，常用作饲料添加剂，如尿素、双缩脲和双铵磷酸盐等。但饲喂过多或方法不当时，能产生大量的氨，氨对于机体是一种侵害神经系统的物质，可导致中毒。
Etiology: Many of urea and non-protein nitrogen compounds are preferred protein substitute, used as feed additives, such as urea, biuret and dual ammonium phosphate. But feeding too much or not at that time a method that can produce large amounts of ammonia, for the body is a material violation of the nervous system, can cause poisoning.
症状：梅花鹿过食尿素后0.5-1小时即可发病。鹿病初表现不安，呻吟，流涎，肌肉震颤，体躯摇晃，步态不稳。继而反复痉挛，呼吸困难，脉搏每分钟可增至100次以上，从鼻腔和口腔流出泡沫样液体。末期全身痉挛出汗，眼球震颤，肛门松驰，几小时内死亡。
Symptoms: deer overeating 0.5-1 hours after the onset of urea can be. First deer disease performance anxiety, moaning, salivation, muscle tremors, the body shaking, unsteady gait. Then repeated spasms, difficulty breathing, pulse rate may be increased to more than 100 beats per minute, foamy liquid effluent from the nose and mouth. Late sweating convulsions, nystagmus, anal relaxation, within hours of death.
预防：制定严格的尿素保管制度，防止鹿误食尿素，受雨淋或潮解的尿素停止使用；尿素不宜与大豆、豆饼混合饲喂，以免尿素被破坏；用尿素作饲料添加剂时，严格掌握用量，体重500千克的成年鹿，其用量为每日100-150克。尿素以拌在饲料中喂给为宜，不得溶于水饮服或单喂，喂后2小时内不能饮水。如日粮蛋白质已足够，不宜加喂尿素。仔鹿不宜使用尿素。
Prevention: strict urea storage system to prevent deer eating urea, urea rain or deliquescence stop using; not with urea soybean, soybean meal mixed feeding, in order to avoid destruction of urea; urea as feed additive, strictly control the amount of , weight 500 kg adult deer in an amount of 100-150 grams per day. Urea to feed in the feed mix is appropriate, can not dissolve in water or Beverage single feed, not drinking water within two hours after feeding. As dietary protein is sufficient, not fed urea. Fawn not use urea.
治疗：治疗尿素中毒的最好方法是大量灌服冷水，并灌服食醋或稀醋酸等弱酸溶液。用1%醋酸500毫升，糖250-500克，常水500毫升，或食醋500毫升，加水500毫升，1次内服。当中毒病鹿发生急性瘤胃臌气时，必须立即进行瘤胃穿刺放气，但速度不能过快。停喂可疑饲料，静脉注射10%葡萄糖酸钙溶液300-400毫升，或10%硫代硫酸钠溶液100-200毫升，同时应用强心剂、利尿剂、高渗葡萄糖等对症治疗。
Treatment: The best way to treat a large number of urea poisoning is fed with cold water, and fed vinegar or dilute acetic acid and other weak acid solution. With 1% acetic acid 500 ml, 250-500 grams of sugar, 500 ml of water often, or vinegar 500 ml, 500 ml of water, 1 orally. When acute poisoning disease deer rumen tympany must be performed immediately rumen puncture deflated, but the speed is not too fast. Stop feeding suspicious feed, intravenous injection of 10% calcium gluconate solution 300-400 ml, or 10% sodium thiosulfate solution 100-200 ml, while the application of the arm, diuretics, hypertonic glucose and other symptomatic treatment.
电话：0531-8271975
网址： www.jnbailuyuan.com
