梅花鹿出血性肠炎是溶血性大肠杆菌引起的一种以腹泻、便血及败血症为特征的急性肠道传染病。
Sika deer hemorrhagic enteritis is hemolytic Escherichia coli caused by a diarrhea, blood in the stool and sepsis is characterized by acute intestinal infectious diseases.
1 临床特征 发病鹿精神沉郁，离群呆立或卧地，体温升高到40～41℃，病初食欲减退或不食，渴欲明显增加，饮水量增多，有腹痛表现，腹泻，开始排稀软至水样粪便，后排脓血便，后期出现脱水症状，鼻镜干燥，呼吸心跳加快，角弓反张；仔鹿出现神经症状，表现惊恐，眼球突出，无目的地狂跑，有的头颈歪斜，原地转圈运动，有的站立前肢，共济失调，角膜混浊，可视粘膜发绀，一般于1～2d内死亡，病程稍长者可延至3～5d。
1 clinical features of the deer spirit of depression, outlying or lying down, body temperature increased to 40 ~ 41 ℃, early loss of appetite or loss of appetite, thirsty desire to significantly increase the amount of drinking water, abdominal pain performance, diarrhea, Thin soft water to the stool, the back of pus and blood, late dehydration symptoms, dry nose, respiratory and heartbeat to speed up, angular arch anti-Zhang; juvenile deer neurological symptoms, the performance of panic, eyeballs, aimless Kuangpao, and some head and neck Crooked, in situ circular motion, and some standing forelimbs, ataxia, corneal opacity, visible mucosal cyanosis, usually within 1 ~ 2d death, longer course may be extended to 3 ~ 5d.
2 病理变化 皮下组织出血，有胶冻样水肿；腹腔积液，呈桔红色，并有恶臭；胃肠浆膜及粘膜上有点状或条状出血，粘膜层脱落，大网膜广泛出血；小肠内容物为暗红色；全身淋巴结肿大，尤以肠系膜淋巴结肿大更明显，切面湿润多汁，外观呈暗紫色。其他实质器官如心、肝、脾、肺、肾出血肿大，呈败血症变化，如肝肿大，表面有点状出血；心包液增多，心冠放心外膜有出血点和出血斑；肺脏有点状出血；肾脏有针尖大出血点，鹿脑组织充血、出血、水肿。
2 pathological changes of subcutaneous tissue hemorrhage, jelly-like edema; peritoneal effusion, was orange-red, and a stench; gastrointestinal serosa and mucous membrane on a little bit like or strip bleeding, mucosal shedding, omentum extensive bleeding; The contents of dark red; systemic lymph nodes, especially in the mesenteric lymph node enlargement is more obvious, moist and juicy section, the appearance of dark purple. Other solid organs such as heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney hemorrhage, sepsis was changed, such as hepatomegaly, the surface a little bit like bleeding; pericardial fluid increased, the heart of the outer membrane with bleeding points and bleeding spots; Hemorrhage; kidneys have a large bleeding point, deer brain tissue congestion, bleeding, edema.
3 防治 3.1 预防 加强饲养管理和环境消毒，搞好卫生，不喂污染的饲料和饮水，少喂精料，保证粗饲料的供给。母鹿产仔前后要加强饲养管理，产房要清洁卫生、保温，乳房要保持干净。仔鹿断奶前后，要调配好饲料，应做到多样化、全价。特别注意补充维生素和微量元素等。在发病季节，可每日添加0.01%高锰酸钾1次，也可使用抗生素饲料添加剂及磺胺类药物预防本病。 3.2 治疗 对发病鹿隔离治疗，可用磺胺脒拌料，每只每次5g，每日2次，连用7d，有很好的治疗效果。如口服效果不佳，也可采用新霉素、金霉素、庆大霉素等药物进行注射治疗。对重症病鹿，要同时注意止血、补糖、补液，保护胃肠粘膜，调整胃肠机能等对症治疗。
3 Prevention 3.1 to strengthen the management of feeding and environmental disinfection, improve health, do not feed the feed and drinking water pollution, feed less concentrate, to ensure the supply of roughage. Before and after the reindeer to strengthen feeding and management, delivery room to be clean, insulation, breasts should be kept clean. Aberdeen before and after weaning, to allocate a good feed, should be diversified, full price. With special attention to vitamin and trace elements. In the onset of the season, can be added 0.01% per day potassium permanganate 1, can also use antibiotics, feed additives and sulfa drugs to prevent the disease. 3.2 treatment of the deer isolation treatment, available sulfonamidine spices, each time 5g, 2 times a day, once every 7d, have a good therapeutic effect. Such as poor oral effect, can also be used neomycin, chlortetracycline, gentamicin and other drugs for injection therapy. For severe deer, to pay attention to hemostasis, sugar, fluid, protect the gastrointestinal mucosa, adjust the gastrointestinal function and other symptomatic treatment.
本病病原菌易产生耐药性，因此，为了提高预防和治疗效果，最好将分离菌作药敏试验，选择敏感药物进行治疗。
The disease pathogens susceptible to drug resistance, therefore, in order to improve the prevention and treatment, it is best for bacteria susceptibility testing, selection of sensitive drugs for treatment.
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